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What are the most effective car designs that incorporate spoilers to improve aerodynamics and reduce drag, and can I get a list of some popular models that come with spoilers built-in?

The concept of spoilers originated in the early 1960s in NASCAR, where drivers used metal plates attached to the trunk lid to increase downforce and reduce lift at high speeds.

Spoilers work by creating a region of lower air pressure above the spoiler, which pulls the car towards the ground, increasing traction and stability.

The most effective spoiler shape is curved, as it creates a longer path for air to follow, increasing the pressure difference between the top and bottom surfaces.

Spoilers can be classified into two types: passive and active.

Passive spoilers are fixed in place, while active spoilers can adjust their angle of attack to optimize aerodynamics.

The Bugatti Chiron Pur Sport has a movable wing that retracts into the body when not in use, reducing drag and improving fuel efficiency.

The McLaren P1's active rear spoiler can extend or retract, changing its angle based on speed, offering optimal aerodynamic efficiency.

The Lamborghini SVJ has a unique wing design mounted near the center of the car, stretching out to the sides, providing exceptional downforce.

Spoilers can also improve fuel efficiency by reducing drag, as seen in the Tatra T97, which was designed for economy and fuel efficiency.

The 2018 Subaru WRX STI has a massive rear wing to provide as much downforce as possible, helping the all-wheel-drive system and turbocharged engine.

Some cars, like the Koenigsegg One:1, have active wings that can adjust their angle of attack to optimize aerodynamics based on speed and other factors.

Spoilers can also affect the car's sound wave signature, with some designs creating a distinctive "whoosh" or "whine" at high speeds.

The shape and size of the spoiler can affect the car's drag coefficient, with smaller spoilers often being more effective at high speeds.

The material used for the spoiler can also impact its effectiveness, with lightweight materials like carbon fiber being popular choices.

Some cars, like the Tesla Model S Plaid, have retractable spoilers that can adjust their angle of attack based on speed and other factors.

The optimal spoiler design can vary depending on the car's intended use, with racing cars often having more aggressive spoiler designs than street cars.

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